Franklin D. Roosevelts New Deal

FDR (Franklin D. Roosevelt) engaged in a program that was referred to as the New Deal. According to the program, the federal government would take more roles so as to improve the citizen’s economic welfare. The economic system was exceptionally poor when Roosevelt became the president in 1933.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A majority of the state governments had taken a banking holiday, which aimed at preventing depositors from destroying the banking institutions. The banks would be ruined if depositors withdrew all their cash. Roosevelt gave all banking institutions four days for holiday. Consequently, Roosevelt pressured the Congress and obtained a legislation for reopening the banks. The federal government certified that all banks were sound for reopening. Afterwards, there were several banking reforms. The Federal Deposit Insura nce Corporation allowed deposits to be insured. According to the New Deal, a larger percent of the federal government funds would be used to pay all needy citizens. Grants, as opposed to loans, would be given to the needy citizens. A number of novel agencies were initiated to ensure that the unemployed benefitted from government- sponsored jobs. The WPA (Works Progress Administration) initiated special projects, which offered jobs to the unskilled and skilled citizens. People trained as musicians, actors, artists, and writers benefitted from such employment. The PWA (Public Works Administration) initiated projects such as construction of dams, sports centers, and highways. The young men benefitted from conservation projects since they were employed by the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps). In my opinion, photographs and paintings are not simply a recording of the past. On the contrary, they are fashioned and composed descriptions, which detail the past. Dorothea Lange’s photo s were constructed to give different stories. The photographs advocated for sympathy for all poor people. Dorothea was a renowned documentary photographer in America. Particularly, she was extremely popular for the Great Depression chronicles and the photographs involving migratory farm employees. She created photographs for the FSA (Farm Security Administration), which were assessing the farm worker’s living conditions in California. A majority of the laborers had migrated to the west as an escape strategy from the Dust Bowl.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dorothea took photographs, which depicted the depression in human lives. In 1934, Dorothea had the first show. It exhibited various issues, which were facing the government. These included breadline recipients, labor leaders, strike rallies, and political demonstrations. After presenting her photographs during the show, Dorot hea got a job with the New Deal Administration. The photographs were utilized as symbols of the White Angel Breadline migrant, which occurred in 1933 in San Francisco. Dorothea communicated the urgent need for government action to help the destitute Americans. 1939 was declared the year of a novel start. The Florence Owens Thompson sequence of photographs had a picture of a migrant mother. Moreover, the series showed an underprivileged Californian pea picker. In another photograph, there was a migratory cotton picker from Mexico who was aged ten years. In the picture, the boy was working on the family car and was unable to attend school. According to him, the father never allowed him to go to school since he was supposed to pick cotton. The boy picked approximately twenty five pounds of cotton every day. In my opinion, this was child labor. In essence, Dorothea’s photos and Roosevelt New Deal had a common goal; fighting for the rights of the underprivileged Americans. This essay on Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal was written and submitted by user Sidney Frederick to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Cats Pajamas

The Cats Pajamas The Cats Pajamas The Cats Pajamas By Maeve Maddox Not everyone loves cats, but the language has its share of expressions coined from the appearance and behavior of these slinky domestic companions. The slang of the 1920s leaned towards expressions involving animal anatomy, giving us the cats meow and the cats whiskers, both meaning outstanding! It also gave us a non-anatomical cat expression the cats pajamas, meaning the absolute best or really modern and up-to-date. NOTE: Pajamas were a fairly recent cultural adaptation in the 1920s. The word derives from Hindi pajama, the word for loose trousers tied at the waist. Europeans living in the East adopted the comfortable style for nightwear and the fashion eventually found its way to the West. British spelling favors pyjamas. cat In the 1920s a slang word for flapper was cat, (hence the connection of the cats pajamas to the idea of modernity), but in black slang the word meant man, guy, dude. What it means to call a person a cat varies according to context. To call a man a cat is to imply that hes cool. To call a woman a cat is to insult her. catnap a short sleep, usually in the daytime. I suppose power nap is the more current term. Question: what does one wear while taking a cat nap? Answer: Why, the cats pajamas, of course! having no room to swing a cat being in a confined space. When I was little, I imagined a poor cat being swung through the air by its tail. I finally learned that the cat in this expression derives from a term for a whip used to flog sailors in the Royal Navy in the old days. It had nine thongs instead of one. to rain cats and dogs to rain very hard; possibly from the expression to fight like cats and dogs. catkin the furry flowers of trees like willow, birch and oak. The name derives from the soft, pettable texture of the flowers. catcall rude remarks shouted at sporting events catfish a fish with whiskers. (Yum) catwalk a high narrow walkway like those seen on construction sites. The idea is that only a cat could keep its balance. cats-cradle A game in which a string is looped on the fingers to form an intricate pattern between a players hands that can be successively varied or transferred to another players hands. Whether the word derived from the animals name is anyones guess. catsup A condiment consisting of a thick, smooth-textured, spicy sauce usually made from tomatoes. This word has absolutely nothing to do with cats and, in its original form, had nothing to do with tomatoes. Its from Malay kichap from Chinese koechiap brine of fish. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, catsup (earlier catchup) is a failed attempt at Anglicization, still in use in the U.S. Apparently it was the Americans who added the tomatoes to the original concoction. Also spelled ketchup. catty-corner directional word, meaning that something is diagonally across from something elseanother cat word that has nothing to do with cats. Originally cater-corner. The cater is from an English dialect word meaning to set or move diagonally. Because that cater dropped out of the language, folk etymology got busy and now we have all kinds of cat variants for this concept: catty-cornered kitty-corner kitty-cornered catty-corner cat-a-corner kitty-corner kit-a-corner Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of HumorPeople versus Persons10 Functions of the Comma

Marketing 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing 3 - Essay Example , the product characteristics such as country of ownership and manufacturer of the parts, country of assembly and design, and the impact of brand name will be analyzed and discussed. Hyundai has a reputation of having cheap and unreliable back in 1998. (Bingham, 2001) As part of the Hyundai’s success in U.S. market ten years after, the company has started to remove its image of offering cheap cars. For this reason, the company has recently changed its company slogan from â€Å"Value for the Money† to â€Å"Think about it.† (Kwok, 2007) Among Hyundai’s product line includes: Tucson, Veracruz, and Santa Fe – a small SUV; and 4-door cars like Accent, Azera, Elantra, Genesis, Sonata, and Tiburon; including the large-size SUV called Mohaves. (Hyundai, 2008d; Jin, 2008) Aiming to penetrate the market of luxury cars, Hyundai recently introduced a new sedan called the Genesis – a rear-wheel drive with V8 engine. (Buss, 2008) vehicles by strengthening its partnership with its dealers and investing millions of dollars in the improvements of its developmental facilities. Aiming to increase its target consumers’ confidence on Hyundai cars, the company offered a 5-year / 60,000 mile warranty and a 10-year / 100,000 mile limited powertrain warranty. (Bingham, 2008b) Aside from using the traditional promotion approach like the American car showrooms and other promotional activities such as sponsoring the several sports activities worldwide (Jin, 2008) and ‘Drivers Wanted’ ad campaign (BusinessWeek, 2007), Hyundai has invested on electronic promotion by signing a contract with CCG.XM back in 2000 (Busines Wire, 2000). Hyundai professionally manufacture its own original equipment parts which are designed for safety and resale value. (Hyundai, 2008c) For this reason, the company could easily provide a manufacturer warranty to ensure the quality and customers’ satisfaction over Hyundai cars. Hyundai automobiles in America are assembled in U.S. assembly plants

The status of the jews and christians in muslim lands 1772CE Essay

The status of the jews and christians in muslim lands 1772CE - Essay Example The status of Jews and Muslims Lands in 1772 CE was more or less similar; they were at the receiving end, notwithstanding the protection available to them under the umbrella of the laws of the land or favorable dispositions of conservative Muslims. On a fair interpretation of the literature available on the subject, it is reasonable to assume that Jews and Christians in Muslim Lands lived in constant fear and their status was less than second-grade citizens. â€Å"In 1772 a Muslim scholar in Cairo was asked how Jews and Christians should be treated. The answer is found in this selection, issued four years before the American Declaration of Independence. This answer is not law, but only the opinion of a conservative Muslim. The opinion is in Arabic.†(Jacob†¦)The very basis of terms of references smacks of inferior treatment, as otherwise why such a situation should emerge at all for making a reference about non-Muslims? Thus it is taken for granted by the Muslim rulers tha t their religious tenets are superior and others have to fall in line. The medieval mind-set is showing in the questions listed in the reference and the answers provided. The attitude of the conservative Muslim is no better than the thinking process of a fundamentalist Muslim and the difference is only in degrees and nowhere full protection is guaranteed to the Jews and Christians. The word â€Å"unbelievers† as addressed to Jews and Christians in the questionnaire smacks of fundamentalism and it is certain that the issue will not be judged in an impartial manner. The first rank Muslim cities have been hailed as â€Å"splendor in legal and philosophic studies.† The normal lifestyles of these religions have been described as â€Å"innovations introduced by the cursed unbelievers.† Another charge is â€Å"they have put themselves on a footing of equality with the chiefs, scholars, and nobles, wearing, like them; costly garments of cloth of India, expensive silk a nd cashmere fabrics, and they imitate them even in the cut of these very garments.†(Jacob†¦) This insinuation which denies the Jews and Christians to practice their social customs and follow traditions is nothing but the imposition of their will by the Muslim governing authorities, the highest authority being the King. Throughout the history of any Nation, class conflict in one way or the other existed. The reference â€Å"they ride on saddles which are of the same type as those of chiefs, scholars, and officers, with servants at their right, at their left, and behind them, scattering and pushing back Muslims for whom they thus block the streets† (Jacob†¦)clearly indicates the gap between the rich and the poor existing at that time. With the details of the perquisites enjoyed by the rich, obviously belonging to Jew and Christian Communities, the gap as per the economic scale was wide and this must have created heartburning amongst the Muslims. The reference, à ¢â‚¬Å"they carry small batons in their hands just like the chiefs. They buy Muslim slaves, the offspring of Negro, Abyssinian, and even white slaves; this has become so common and so frequent among them that they no longer consider this offensive. They even buy slaves publicly, just like the Muslims,† (Jacob†¦) clearly indicates that slavery, the evil social system was in practice and the rich Jews and Christia

(Love) ACC 403 SLP 4 Activity Based Costing Essay

(Love) ACC 403 SLP 4 Activity Based Costing - Essay Example The concept of Activity Based costing has its origins in the U.S manufacturing industry, where increases in technology led to a decrease in fixed costs and increase in variable costs and the number of steps in each manufacturing process as the automation process increased. For example, manual labor declined as robotics was introduced in the automotive industry, while the number of mechanistic processes and increased use of machinery meant that depreciation and replacement costs went up. Activity based costing is, as the name implies, based on determining the costs of different activities involved in the manufacturing or production process, and then identifying the costs of each activity (Kaplan & Cooper, 1988). In a company like Apple, there are also a number of activities involved in manufacturing its laptops, PCs and monitors. While traditional accounting takes into account only the cost of activities actually performed, activity based costing also includes the wait time for inventory parts etc. which are also included in overall costs of production. Activity based costing has been used to define re-engineering processes and eliminate unnecessary costs and processes (Kaplan & Cooper, 1988). Activity Based Costing is implemented by first identifying the cost drivers for each activity. Cost drivers are the basis for allocating product costs to the activities performed. Volume and Time are the most commonly used cost drivers (Turney, 2010)- everything else is attributed to a charge that is directly allocated to the activity in question being performed (Kaplan & Anderson, 2007). Volume means units of work or products produced. Time means length of time taken to complete a specific activity. If Activity Based Costing was used at Apple, we could have the following chart for activities performed from Jan 1-Dec 31, 2011: In practice, many difficulties are encountered while

Pregnancy Foetus Mother

Pregnancy Foetus Mother Pregnancy is a state whereby there is a symbiotic union between a mother and her foetus. During this period, all systems of the body change to accommodate the trophoblast, the immune system (a complex biological signalling system responsible for protecting us against infection, disease and foreign objects due to its ability to differentiate between self and non self) being one of these systems also undergoes a number of changes (Markert, 2005). The foetus is like a homograft attached to the uterine wall of the mother via the placenta, it inherits half its genetic makeup from its mother and the other half from its father. The paternal genes that it expresses are seen as antigens by the mothers immune system and are expected to cause the rejection of the foetus as a semi-allogenic tissue graft(2). Instead, the mothers immune system teaches itself to tolerate these genes and the development of the foetus is supported and regulated (Marker, 2005). The immunological puzzle that leads to t he sustainment of the foetus for the 9 months gestation period is known as the â€Å"immunological paradox of pregnancy† (Claman. 1993). A question that begets to be asked is how does the maternal body prevent rejection of the histoincompatible foetus and at the same time maintain enough maternal host defence mechanisms to fight disease and infection? To date it is not fully understood how this takes place, but it is known that in order to allow the foetus to escape rejection and immunological attacks by the maternal immune system, this symbiotic relationship must have distinctive immuno-regulatory actions. At the same time the mothers immune system must also provide protection against foreign antigens for her as well as her young. A number of explanations have been proposed during the last century as to why foetal rejection does not take place in healthy pregnancies. It is now agreed upon that the placenta plays an important role in this. The placenta is a very important organ because not only does it aid the transportation of nutrients and waste products and immunity between mother and foetus, it acts as an endocrine organ because it secretes growth factors and female hormones which helps maintain and support the pregnancy (Knobil and Neil, 1994) and finally the placental expression patterns of majorhistocompatibility complexes (MHC) is one of the vital factors that determine if a foetus is accepted or rejected, in humans these complexes are known as human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complexes (Claman. 1993). Although the mechanism for the maternal tolerance of the MHCs expressed by the fetus is still not fully known it is known that in humans, a number of HLA class I expressions have been detected in the placent a, these include HLA-C and HLA-G complexes. HLA-G is essential for the successful implantation of trophoblast and its protection from invasion. It does so by binding inhibitory receptors on T-lymphocytes and maternal uterine natural killer cells and thus protects the trophblast from maternal attacks caused by these cells. They also regulate cytokine secretion of cells, thus offering protection to the foetus (hla class 1 molecules reference). A recent study has also shown that HLA-G might inhibit the migration of NK cells across the placental endothelial cells. Till this day, no evidence has been brought forward to suggest that HLA-A, HLA-B and Class II MHCs are expressed in the placenta thus it is inferred that they are normally absent from the placenta during pregnancy (Bulmer and Johnson, 1985). Foetuses are protected not only from rejection during the gestation period but also from infections by the transmission of passive immunity from the mother.In 1892, Paul Erlich used mouse models to demonstrate that fetuses and neonates acquire protective immunity from their mothers both in utero and through breast milk. It has been shown that this involves the active transport of IgG from mother to her offspring. Passive immunity is transferred from the mother to her foetus through the placenta in the form of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and also via breast milk postnatally (Arvola et al 2000). IgG is the main defence against bacteria thus it accounts for 70-75% of antibodies found in human serum. Before birth the foetus is immunologically naà ¯ve because its synthesis of antibodies is very low. The immature immune system of the foetus is compensated for by the active transport of maternal IgG across the placenta into the foetal circulation. Before IgG reaches the foetal circulation, it h as to cross two cellular barriers, the barrier in contact with the maternal blood known as the syncythiotrophoblast and the capillary epithelium of the foetus. IgG antibodies are conveyed across the placenta and the intestinal epithelium via the human Fc receptor (add more). Although the ability of IgG to cross the placenta acts to convey passive immunity to the foetus there are instances where its ability to cross the placenta can have detrimental effects on the baby. An example of this is a condition called haemolytic disease of the new born (HDN). HDN is an alloimmune disease that develops in rhesus positive foetuses that have a rhesus negative mother. the mother produces IgG antibodies against the rhesus positive red blood cells which cross the placenta and attack red blood cells in the foetal circulation. It has been established that breast milk are rich in maternal cells including small proportions of epithelial cells, macrophages, leukocytes and T and B lymphocytes which make up a majority of cells found in milk on the other hand, 80% of the total cells found in the colostrum (first milk secreted after delivery) are mononuclear phagocytes. These cells aid the neonate by protecting the lumen of its gut and transferring immunity passively. Breast milk macrophages enter breast milk via the epithelium of the mammary gland, they are found to be highly phagocytic in breast milk and can easily be differentiated from other cells by the lipid rich inclusions found in their cytoplasm (breast milk macrophages reference). Milk and colostrum are also rich in the dimeric immunoglobin A. IgA antibodies are very important to the newborn because they are highly specific for pathogens found in the mucosae of the gut. This form of passive immunity from the mother thus conveys protection to the newborn until its immune response is mature enough to mount a good enough response (PDF2D). As well as transference of immunity, a mother can also convey infections to her foetus. The maternal transmission of an infection such as HIV, Hepatitis B and syphilis to foetus in utero, as a result of body fluid transmission during child birth and through breast milk is known as vertical transmission. During pregnancy, the maternal transmission of infection can result in a number of sequela. Infections found in mother have the potential of infecting the foetus or newborn. Side effects of infections include abortion or stillbirth, acute illnesses, congenital abnormalities, neonatal death and many more. The newborn can acquire infections in utero also known as intrauterine (congenital), during child birth (intrapartum) or after birth (postpartum). Different forms of infections can be vertically transmitted, these include viral and bacterial infections which are both covered in this essay. The most common examples of viral infections transferred from mother to her unborn child are cytomegalovirus, rubella both of which may cause severe neonatal disease or congenital defects, HIV and Hepatitis B. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a sexually transmitted virus that attacks the immune system by infecting CD4 cells thus leaving the host vulnerable to other infections. This virus can lead to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome which is characterised by a very low CD4 cell count (less than 200/ml). The transmission of this virus from mother to child can occur in utero, during child birth and via breast milk. The most common mode of transmission of HIV occurs during labour or at child birth, about 50-80% of vertical transmission occurs via this route. The reason being that the fetus is in direct contact with infected blood and secretions, as a result of ruptured membranes and transmission of maternal blood to the foetus during labour (birth by caesarean section before the beginning of labour and membrane rupture is proven to reduce this risk of transmission of HIV) (www.aafp.org). HIV transmission can also occur in utero. The foetus can become infected if it comes in contact with infected maternal blood and secretions. This contact can be the result of placental haemorrhage or by the foetus swallowing some amniotic fluid (www. the-aids-pandemic.blogspot.com). The final mechanism by which vertical transmission if HIV can take place is through breast milk which occurs in 16-29% of cases (www. the-aids-pandemic.blogspot.com). Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (a double stranded DNA virus which caused liver damage). In 2004, Zhang et al provided evidence that the main route of transmission of hepatitis from mother to foetus was via the placenta. Mothers that have the acute form of the virus and that are also infected in the first trimester of pregnancy have a 10% chance of passing the virus to their neonates. This percentage increases to a staggering 80-90% if the mothers were infected in the 3rd trimester. 90% of neonates on the other hand acquire the infection if the virus chronically infected the women (Hieber et al 1977). Transmission is also caused by the exposure of the foetus to infected blood and body fluids. A hepatitis positive mother has a 20% chance of passing the infection to her offspring during child birth, this risk increases to 90% if the mother is also positive for the hepatitis B e antigen (www.perinatology.com). According to Hill et al (2002), breast milk of infected individuals contains HBV DNA, but using appropriate immunoprophylaxis nullifies the transmission of HBV. Rubella (the German measles) is a condition caused by the rubella virus. This virus is moderately contagious. It can cross the placenta causing a condition known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) which leads to a number of side effects to the baby including low birth weight, deafness, mental retardation, congenital heart failure and death. The severity of the effect depends on the period that the fetus is infected; during the first two months of gestation the chances of foetal damage caused by infection is 65-0%, this chance decreases to 30-35% during the third month and finally to a mere 1-2% in the 20th week. There are two routes through which a newborn can acquire a bacterial infection, these routes include intraturerine (transplacental and assending infection) and intrapartum when the new born comes in contact with infected secretions and blood during delivery. Congenital syphilis is a severe and life threatning multisystem infection caused by the vertical transmission of the spirochete Treponema palladium to the foetus. The transplacental transmission rate is 60-80% Vertical transmission of congenital syphilis can occur at anytime during pregnancy although the infection is more likely to be transmitted by women in the primary and secondary stages of the disease as opposed to the latent stage.Just like in adult syphilis, this infection is categorised into early disease which is seen in children two years or younger and late disease which is seen in children over the age of two(http://www.merck.com). During child birth organisms such as N. gonorrhoea, B. streptococci and C. trachomonas bacteria that are naturally found in the female reproductive system can also colonise the newborn. A list of these bacteria are shown in fig 1 of the appendix attached. Vertical transmission of Immunity during pregnancy is complex and one that intrigues many a soul. Till this date its mechanisms are not fully known. What is known is that a number of complex systems are involved in the process and without the foetus will either be rejected or infected by pathogens.

Certainty is Decartes Discourse of Method Essay -- Rene Descarte Pape

Rene Descartes' overall objective in publicizing "Discourse of Method" is to developing a new system of knowledge that is free of prior prejudices for establishing the truth of things. In Part 4 of the book he explains the philosophical basing (the meditations) for establishing the new system. These meditations were based on the epistemological theory of rationalism: that is if someone truly knows something then they could not possibly be mistaken. He goes on to provide solid argument for his ideas. In Meditations he comes to term with three certainties: the existence of the mind as the thing that thinks, the body as an extension, and God as the supreme being. He attests that he came to these conclusions by doubling all that had been taught to him in his formal education, and all he received through the senses. In the "Discourse of Method" he states his first uncertainty when he says, " I found myself embarrassed with so many doubts and errors that it seemed to me that the effort to instruct myself had no effect other than the increasing discovery of my ignorance". He has difficulty embracing the diverse, and sometimes hypocrtical, ideas that he encountered in his studies. He thought all of his confusions and indeterminate ideas were caused by the senses. Therefore, he first jettisons any information, knowledge or truths that are based on his senses. Here, he applies the "Dream Argument, " (32) where he states that based on senses alone, there is no definite way of proving that you are dreaming or that you are awake. After all, derams are indistinguishable from reality because during a dram, a person is unaware that he is dreaming. In fact, no sing... ...d, which is of an infinite being, cannot arise from a mortal, a finite being. The idea of infinite must therefore be due to the existence of an infinite, which must have placed this idea in him. Thus, proving his theory of the existence of God. From the nature of the perfection that God is, Decartes comes to conclusion that God is the ultimate causeless cause. Decartes holds that the innate idea of God that rises in the mind is sufficient proof of God's having made man in His own image. God's existence is the precondition of the existence of all other things, including the individual souls, and also of His idea in the human mind. Since there cannot be an idea of God without the existence of God. God is incorporeal, intelligence, all-knowing, good and just. He is omnipotent, eternal. He has no changes, no modes of attribute, no modifications.

Education †teacher Essay

Education Many people in the world think that education is an absolutely wonderful thing and that its necessary by all means. Yes it is a good thing and is needed to be more successful but it is not necessary by all means. Education can set you up to be more success and in the long run make more money but also it can take away from the importance of outside experiences and street smarts. As school goes on it even becomes less enjoyable because its more of the things that they believe is what needs to be taught and not what the student is interested in. In many students’ opinions, most classes they take in college and even high school provide them with no type of worthy knowledge or experience for the real world. It is there to just suck money from you and act as almost like a filler. Throughout high school, the material learned often looks past fiscal obligations and real life challenges. In high school, most courses tend to deal with complex mathematics and scientific equations that the average American citizen wouldn’t dream of using in their daily routine. Most intellect that is used is often the simple knowledge that we acquired in elementary. Who has gone to the supermarket and whipped out a calculus equation? Who needed a scientific formula to mow their lawn? Usually the common individual doesn’t think about mnemonic devices, hominems, or other mnemonic devices that supposedly help us speak the english language. We just think what we want to say and in a matter of milliseconds what our brain has processed is out of our mouths. Personally, education began to become uninteresting as soon as Freshman year started. They started to give us all the unnecessary formulas and equations that mean nothing in the real world around this time. This is more of the system’s fault, not even as much as the teachers as you may think. The system comes up with all of these special requirements and expectations that we must achieve to graduate or move on to the next grade level. For example, you needed to take a public speaking class which some people might not need at all in life, or already might be a great speaker and then the class will just be another filler wasting your time. In this time you could be learning something useful to you or your overall well being. Another problem is the teachers. Not every teacher, but a good portion. Especially the teachers that don’t care about their students and you can tell they don’t. They’re just there for the money and nothing else. They’ll go through slide after slide of information and you sit there and write it all down in your notebook. That is not the way to teach because yes, there might be some students that like to learn that way and understand. But there are also at least a couple others in the class that don’t really know what’s going on and are just basically writing down words on the paper that almost mean nothing. Another thing that can be a problem is when teachers don’t connect with their students or try to mix in a little fun here and there. That’s what you need to keep the interest of a student on point. Throw a curveball in there every so often. Instead of taking notes one day, conduct a whole class activity or show some videos that pertain to the lesson or information you’ve been reviewing. Don’t think that it’s completely the teacher’s fault that students aren’t interested or involved. Some of the blame is to be put on students themselves! Most students don’t even bother to try to get involved or learn the material. You need to at least put forth some effort in whatever you do to be successful in it. So you cannot say that you are failing a class purely off the teacher or because the material. Because if you tried to learn and understand or talk to the teacher about it, half the the time you’d find yourself in a much better position than were you previously started. As stated before most think that education is a necessity in life by any means, it is not. It is still important and can affect how the outcome of your life will play out though. You will find that most young adults and individuals who do not attend school will end up in bad situations with not as good jobs, cars, houses, etc. But this is not all because they didn’t have a good education. Yes it may have helped but there are so many other factors that play into a persons life that you can’t go and say just because the education wasnt there is the sole reason that they ended up how they did. At most you could say that it played a major role. Overall education is still a very important thing but is not completely needed to be success by any means. There are a good amount of things that are wrong with the education these days, but then again there are also a plentiful amount of things that are very good about it. In conclusion education has things wrong with it at every level from the highest ranked individual in the system, to the teachers who teach and lecture, and even to the students who are there to learn and try to comprehend it all. Everyone along the line needs to try a little harder and rethink how to approach education altogether!

Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Essay Example

Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Essay Example Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Paper Discuss the roles of language and reason in history Paper History is often considered as a synonym for truth and certainty. But history is such an area of knowledge that poses a number of deterrents in our quest for knowledge as the knowers cannot discover the past forthwith. This so called remembering the past is no easy nut-it is a complex web rendered difficult to disentangle given that the historical event takes place in the past; it is gone and irrecoverable!. Thus to write a history a historian has to resort to his reason, and obviously the said historian will write the historical accounts in his native language only. Thus language and reason stand as pillars for creating the foundations of history. Reasoning is closely connected with emotion, sense perception and language. In fact language is at the very core of reasoning. Language is a vast unmapped territory fascinating our intelligence and casting spells on our reason. According to â€Å"Max Mueller, there can be no language without reason, and no reason without language†2. Through this essay I would like to elucidate the roles of language and reason in history. My essay will also inquire into if language and reason as ways of knowing can pervert a historical account from the path of truth? If a historian endeavours to explore the past, his step surely is to find out all the possible facts. Unless the historian makes an exact sense of the data, it is all absurd, as we know that the fact won’t speak for themselves. We must remember that the historian is an individual, not impregnable to bias, prejudice and discrimination. His history will be dependent on his particular interests, which are in turn, partially based on his culture. It is here where the crux of the problem lies. Like a geologists the historian too has to find the weak fossils print buried deep inside the earth. For example we get a number of baffling accounts behind the death of Alexander the Great. Different historians have written their accounts in different languages. Some opine that he died of malaria; others claim that he died of poisoning while many are of the view that he was assassinated at the palace of Nebuchadnezzar II in Babylon. Thus the historian has to be selective and he selects on the basis of his own paradigms. It is on these grounds that history is called an act of creation. And it is of critical importance to understand, in general terms, the basis on which any selection is made, and analyzed by the historian using his language and reason. Many historians wield their imaginative thinking or reason to write history but â€Å"is not memory fallible, evidence ambiguous and prejudice common3†? According to historian Barbara Tuchman, â€Å"Each man is a package of variables impossible to duplicate. His birth, his parents, his siblings, and the variables inherent in all of these, make up that mysterious compendium, personality-which then combines with another set of variables: country, climate, time and historical circumstance.† 4 Language is closely tied to ideas about human cognition and interaction with the world. Despite its importance, language is not the perfect medium of communication as it is governed by rules; it is intended, creative and open-ended. Moreover languages are not static entities; they change and develop over time. Problematic meanings can be found in every language. The words can be vague, ambiguous, secondary (the same word may have different detonation and connotation), metaphorical and ironical. Translation of a language into other is another stumbling block. There are around 3000 different languages in the world. Every language contains words that have no equivalent in other languages. So can language be considered as a cornerstone for the historians? As a child, I was mesmerized by wars. I read the most bewitching account of war in Homer’s Iliad where he talks about the legendary Trojan War. Was it a war or only a myth? Nothing can be said as Homer derived the epic poem from primeval sources. In the epic, Helen is limned as the most beautiful woman on earth while Achilles as the grandest warrior. Now what can we say as to the authenticity of Homer’s claims? Were the characters for real or it was his national bias to portray them as Hellenic legends? I read the Greek epic through translation only. Did the translator write the exact replication of Homer’s words, or he amalgamated the facts with his presumptions, giving them a hyperbolized touch? Is the epic not twice removed from reality then?

14 College Memes That Will Make You Laugh Through Tears

14 College Memes That Will Make You Laugh Through Tears Studying in college is something you can cry or laugh about. However, its better to choose the latter. Though college life can be really challenging at times, good sense of humor will defenitely help you to go through this difficult and yet amazing period of your life. Social media communities are full of funny memes created by college and high school students just like you. Some of them we previously published on our Facebook page. Heres the list of the most popular and hilarious memes about college life and challenges that our Facebook audience have found the most attractive. #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14 P.S. If youd like to see more fun memes about college and high school, just click any of the listed images and visit our Facebook page. Well be glad to get more likes from you 🙂 Cover image credit: Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.

EXTENDING NUMERACY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

EXTENDING NUMERACY - Essay Example It is believed that mathematical thinking is the process of logical thought, as highlighted by DFES (1999) is a process of ‘Logical reasoning, problem solving and the ability to think in abstract ways (DFES, 1999, p.60-61).’ Development of this method of thought can be aided through the art of speaking and listening, alongside group and collaborative work. Children using and applying their skills equates into mathematical thinking, as agreed by the National Curriculum (1999) which states that ‘mathematics trains children with a ‘uniquely powerful set of tools’ to understand and develop the world (Directgov, 2010).’ The National Numeracy Strategy, introduced by the Department of Education and employment, lays down a framework for the curriculum to be followed in all schools while teaching mathematics for children attending Reception to Year 6 (National Numeracy Strategy, 1999). Compiled in 1999, The National Numeracy Strategy set out four main ap proaches to the teaching of mathematics, viz.: Dedicated mathematics lessons every day Direct teaching and interactive oral work with the whole class and groups An emphasis on mental calculation Controlled differentiation, with all pupils engaged in mathematics relating to a common theme (National Numeracy Strategy, 1999). The National Numeracy Strategy has outlined guidelines for numeracy to be taught nationwide which has to be utilised by teachers within the classroom (National Numeracy Strategy, 1999). ... In order to calculate either cognitively or use written algorithms, it is necessary to have basic numeracy skills. These include: remembering and recalling number facts, relationships of numbers, and problem solving using mental visualization and/or previously learned strategies. Mental mathematics is the foundation to all mathematical methodologies. The ability to count or at least know place value is all cognitive during which memory is used to recall numerical facts or obtain new ones, therefore this skill should be nurtured and emphasised. There are several educationalists who are proponents of encouraging children to engage in more mental calculations rather than just solving problems on paper. In this regard, Askew (1998) states that, ‘Ultimately, mathematics is a mental activity. While practical mathematics can help children develop mental images, written work on its own is not sufficient (Askew, 1998)’. This statement agrees with the principle laid down in the Na tional Numeracy Strategy, which states that â€Å"an ability to calculate mentally lies at the heart of numeracy (National Numeracy Strategy, 1999)’ It is of truth, and it is of little use if a child can complete a page of sums, but does not know how to tackle a problem that has not been written down. The National Numeracy Strategy emphasizes that pupils need to be given opportunities to develop flexible methods of working with numbers mentally that enables them to use known information to derive facts that they cannot recall (National Numeracy Strategy, 1999).   Differentiation within education largely relates to the differences between comparable things, for example, building a picture for the children that

Blended Learnning in Higher Education in Saudi Arabia Research Paper

Blended Learnning in Higher Education in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper Example (Graham 5). While internationally, there has been impressive research on the recognitions of e-taking in and blended learning, in with its diverse models, there is a lot of space for further research particularly in the Arab locale, and in Saudi Arabia where blended learning in is currently just starting to be introduced. (Alebaikan RA) The development of teaching method and educational program configuration includes educationalists and specialists investigating hypothetical and commonsense pathways, particularly with open doors offered by the web. This is no more obvious than in tertiary education, with framework, instructional method and educational module advancement for higher education, as well as for different parts, for example, preparing and industry Singh, (2003) and Holley & Oliver, (2010) believe that the presentation of internet learning conveyance frameworks expanded accessibility and adaptability in the educational module, improving correspondence and the learning backg round, in any case, there are issues with completely online courses in connection to the absence of social contact, decisions, and engagement (Almalki 5). The idea of blended learning alludes to the pedagogical standard of a proactive person concentrate on educational module conveyance, instead of as a latent onlooker present at an address. Utilizing the qualities of online and up close and personal learning, blended learning educational module conveyance utilizes these ideas to join the relative focal points of both situations and examination demonstrates that blended learning conveyance is expanding in higher education (Chandra, 2004; Garrison & Vaughan, 2008; Graham, 2006; Picciano, 2009). There are a few alternatives in outlining a blended learning educational program and organizations actualize this type of learning for diverse reasons and use distinctive educational program